Blast-furnace tuyere

ABSTRACT

The tuyere has a closed, hollow, annular housing divided by a transverse partition into a head and a tail portion. A coolant supply pipe fits into the tuyere housing through the end of its tail portion, passes through said tail portion and fits into the head portion through an inlet opening provided at the top of the transverse partition. An outlet opening is provided at the bottom of the transverse partition for coolant to pass from the housing head portion into the tail portion. Another opening is provided in the end of the housing tail portion for coolant to flow out. The head portion of the tuyere housing accommodates a longitudinal partition mounted so as to divide the inlet opening into two parts. The coolant entering the head portion of the tuyere housing is divided by the longitudinal partition into two streams which simultaneously pass over the walls of both halves of the housing head portion, cooling them. The streams join at the outlet opening in the transverse partition, the flow passes into the housing tail portion and thence leaves the tuyere through the outlet opening in the end of the housing tail portion. The object of the invention is to extend the life of the blast-furnace tuyere.

United States Patent [191 Jupko [451 May 6,1975

[ BLAST-FURNACE TUYERE [76] Inventor: Lev Dmitrievich Jupko, prospektLenina, 232, kv. 48, Zaporozhie, USSR.

22 Filed: Mar. 14, 1974 21 Appl. No.: 451,155

Primary ExaminerGerald A. Dost [57] ABSTRACT The tuyere has a closed,hollow, annular housing divided by a transverse partition into a headand a tail portion. A coolant supply pipe fits into the tuyere housingthrough the end of its tail portion, passes through said tail portionand fits into the head portion through an inlet opening provided at thetop of the transverse partition. An outlet opening is provided at thebottom of the transverse partition for coolant to pass from the housinghead portion into the tail portion. Another opening is provided in theend of the housing tail portion for coolant to flow out. The headportion of the tuyere housing accommodates a longitudinal partitionmounted so as to divide the inlet opening into two parts. The coolantentering the head portion of the tuyere housing is divided by thelongitudinal partition into two streams which simultaneously pass overthe walls of both halves of the housing head portion, cooling them. Thestreams join at the outlet opening in the transverse partition, the flowpasses into the housing tail portion and thence leaves the tuyerethrough the outlet opening in the end of the housing tail portion. Theobject of the invention is to extend the life of the blast-furnacetuyere.

2 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures PATENTEDMAY 6197s 3,88 1.7 l O SHEET 10? 3PATENTEDMM 6 m5 sum 3 via BLAST-FURNACE TUYERE The invention relates toblast furnaces and has particular reference to blast-furnace tuyeres.

Known in the art are tuyeres comprising a closed annular housing dividedby a transverse annular partition into a head portion (facing toward themelting chamber of the furnace) and a tail portion, a coolant supplypipe which fits into the housing through an opening in the end of itstail portion, passes through said tail portion longitudinally and fitsinto the housing head portion through an inlet opening provided in thetransverse annular partition, an outlet opening provided in thetransverse annular partition for coolant to pass from the housing headportion into the tail portion, and an opening provided in the end of thehousing tail portion for coolant to flow out.

In the tuyeres under discussion, the transverse annular partition andthe coolant inlet and outlet openings are provided in order to supplycoolant at a high speed first to the tuyere head which, being exposed toheated coke, gas, slag and cast iron and subjected to the action of hightemperature, is susceptible to burning-out and wear to a greater extentthan the tail portion. On the other hand, the head portion of the tuyereheats and wears unevenly. The accumulated experience and statistics haveshown that the most frequent cause of tuyere failure is the burning-outof the tuyere head bottom portion. This is attributed to the fact thatcast iron and slag commonly approach the bottom portion of the headfirst, whereas the substance suspended in the coolant also settles inthe bottom portion of the tuyere, forming a heat insulating layer whichinterferes with proper cooling of the tuyere bottom portion and its headin particular. In the tuyere construction under consideration thesedisadvantages cannot be eliminated because the speed of coolant flow inthe various parts of the housing head portion may change with thelocation of the coolant inlets and outlets and the suspended matter islikely to accumulate at the bottom of the annular space, adverselyaffecting the cooling of the head bottom portion and causing burn-out.

Thus, the problem consists in providing the most efficient cooling forthe tuyere parts which are most subjected to wear and burn-out and inremoving the suspended matter or preventing it from settling on thetuyere parts most exposed to heat.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the disadvantagesdiscussed above.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a tuyere theparts of which are cooled according to the extent of heat to which theyare subjected, so as to prevent dangerous overheating of the tuyereparts subjected to the most severe temperature effects.

It is a still further object of the present invention to provide atuyere wherein the substance suspended in the coolant is prevented fromsettling on the housing parts most subjected to heating.

These and other objects are achieved in a tuyere comprisin g a closedannular housing divided by a transverse annular partition into a headportion (facing toward the melting chamber of the furnace) and a tailportion, a coolant supply pipe which fits into the housing through anopening in the end of its tail portion, passes through said tail portionlongitudinally and fits into the housing head portion through an inletopening provided in the transverse annular partition, an outlet openingprovided in the transverse annular partition for coolant to pass fromthe housing head portion into the tail portion, and an opening providedin the end of the housing tail portion for coolant to flow out.According to the invention, the head portion of the tuyere housing has alongitudinal partition mounted therein so as to divide into two partsthe inlet opening which is provided at the top of the transverse annularpartition for coolant to enter the head portion of the tuyere housing,whereas the outlet opening is arranged across the entire width of thebottom portion of said transverse annular partition. Due to thisconstruction the coolant entering the head portion of the tuyere housingdivides into two streams which simultaneously pass through the twohalves of the tuyere housing head portion to cool them. These twostreams join at the outlet opening provided at the bottom of thetransverse annular partition and the coolant passes into the housingtail portion.

It is desirable that the cross-sectional dimension of the head annularspace be smaller at the partition outlet opening than at the inletopening in order to increase the speed of coolant flow at the outletopening and thereby to increase the efficiency of cooling the mostheated bottom part of the tuyere head and also to prevent the substancesuspended in the coolant from settling on the housing walls.

In the tuyere which constitutes the present invention the parts heatedmost receive the most effective cooling and the substance suspended inthe coolant is prevented from settling on the tuyere housing portionssubjected to the most severe temperature effects, whereby burning-out isobviated and the life of the tuyere is extended.

Now the invention will be described in detail with reference to theaccompanying drawing in which:

FIG. I is a longitudinal sectional view of the tuyere constructed inaccordance with the invention.

FIG. 2 is a view in the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the detail B of FIG. 1; 1

FIG. 4 is a section on the line IV-lV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows the tuyere embodiment arranged for blasting.

FIG. 6 shows the tuyere embodiment arranged for slag discharge.

The tuyere comprises a hollow annular housing 1 (FIG. 1) which consistsof an outer taper sleeve 2, an inner taper sleeve 3 and a head 4. Thesleeve 3 is mounted in the sleeve 2 so that, when the tuyere is in theworking position and the longitudinal axis 00 of the outer sleeve 2 ishorizontal, the longitudinal axis 00 of the inner sleeve 3 is inclinedby the angle 01 (within 5) down from the axis 00, toward the head of thetuyere, the bottom side of the inner sleeve 3 lying in a horizontalplane. The narrow ends of the sleeves are joined to the annular head 4.The wall of the head is of substantial thickness. The lower portion ofthe head wall is cut out at the angle B (within 30). The upper half ofthe head is faced with a hard alloy.

An annular flange 6 is fitted between the inner and outer sleeves attheir wide end.

The outer sleeve 2, inner sleeve 3, head 4 and inner flange 6 fonn theannular space in the housing 1.

An outer annular flange 8 (FIGS. 1 and 2) is attached to the innerannular flange 6 by means of bolts 7 (FIG.

2) so that the shoulders of the sleeves 2 and 3 and a gasket 9 (FIG. 1)are clamped between the flanges.

The centre hole in the flange 8, the interior space of the inner sleeve3 and the opening in the head 4 form a tuyere duct C.

The annular space in the housing 1 is divided by a transverse annularpartition 10 (FIGS. 1, 3, 4) into a head portion 11 (FIG. 1) and a tailportion 12. The head portion 11 adjoints the head 4 and itscrosssectional area decreases toward the bottom.

Coolant is supplied into the tuyere through a pipe 13 which fits throughcoaxial holes 14 (FIG. 2) in the outer flange 8, inner flange 6 andgasket 9, extends through the housing tail portion 12 and fits into thehousing head portion 11 through an inlet opening 15 (FIGS. 1 and 3)provided in the top portion of the transverse annular partition 10.Mounted at the inlet opening 15 in the housing head portion 11 is alongitudinal partition 16 (FIGS. 1,3,4) which snugly fits to thetransverse annular partition 10 and around the entire periphery of thehousing head portion 1 1. The partition 16 is arranged to divide theinlet opening 15 and the housing head portion 11 into two parts.

An outlet opening 17 (FIG. 4) is provided in the bottom portion of thetransverse annular partition 10 for coolant to pass from the housinghead portion 11 into the tail portion 12. Coolant leaves the housingtail portion 12 by way of coaxial outlet holes 18 (FIG. 2) provided inthe inner flange 6, outer flange 8 and gasket 9.

Coolant is supplied through the pipe 13 into the housing head portion 11where it is divided by the partition 16 into two streams whichsimultaneously pass through the housing head portion 11, intensivelycooling it. The speed of each of the coolant streams increases as theflow approaches the outlet opening since the cross-sectional area of thehousing head portion 11 decreases toward it. The speed of the coolantstreams reaches the maximum at the outlet opening 17 through which thecoolant passes into the housing tail portion 12 and thence flows awaythrough the hole 18.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention wherein a tuyere 19is arranged for supplying blast into a furnace 20.

The tuyere 19 is mounted in a cooler 21, with the head 4 pointing towardthe furnace melting melting chamber H, and is clamped by a blast nozzle22.

The cooler 21 is inserted in a cooled aperture 23 which is attached to afurnace shell 25 by means of a flange 24.

The tuyere which constitutes the present invention can also be used todischarge slag from the furnace. This embodiment of the invention isshown in FIG. 6.

The tuyere 19 is secured by means of a fixture 26 in a cooler 27 whichfits into an intercooler 28 secured in an aperture 29 which is attachedto the furnace shell 25 by means of a flange 30.

What is claimed is:

l. A blast-furnace tuyere comprising: a closed, hollow, annular housing;a transverse annular partition dividing the annular space of the housinginto a head portion (adjoining the melting chamber of the furnace) and atail portion; a coolant inlet opening and a coolant outlet openingprovided in the end of said housing tail portion; a coolant inletopening provided at the top of said transverse annular partition and acoolant outlet opening provided at the bottom thereof; a coolant supplypipe fitting through said inlet opening in the end of the housing tailportion, passing longitudinally through said housing tail portion andfitting into said housing head portion through said inlet opening in thetransverse annular partition; said pipe supplying coolant into thehousing head portion from where it passes through said outlet opening inthe transverse annular partition into the housing tail portion andthence flows away through said outlet hole in the end of the housingtail portion; a longitudinal partition mounted in the housing headportion so as to divide said inlet opening in the transverse partitioninto two parts for the coolant entering the housing head portion throughsaid supply pipe to be divided into two streams, which streamssimultaneously pass over the walls of the two halves of the housing headportion to cool them and subsequently join at said outlet opening in thetransverse partition, the coolant flow passing into the housing tailportion through this opening.

2. A tuyere as claimed in claim 1, in which the crosssectional area ofsaid housing head portion is smaller at the coolant outlet openingprovided in said transverse partition than at the coolant inlet openingprovided in same.

1. A blast-furnace tuyere comprising: a closed, hollow, annular housing;a transverse annular partition dividing the annular space of the housinginto a head portion (adjoining the melting chamber of the furnace) and atail portion; a coolant inlet opening and a coolant outlet openingprovided in the end of said housing tail portion; a coolant inletopening provided at the top of said transverse annular partition and acoolant outlet opening provided at the bottom thereof; a coolant supplypipe fitting through said inlet opening in the end of the housing tailportion, passing longitudinally through said housing tail portion andfitting into said housing head portion through said inlet opening in thetransverse annular partition; said pipe supplying coolant into thehousing head portion from where it passes through said outlet opening inthe transverse annular partition into the housing tail portion andthence flows away through said outlet hole in the end of the housingtail portion; a longitudinal partition mounted in the housing headportion so as to divide said inlet opening in the transverse partitioninto two parts for the coolant entering the housing head portion throughsaid supply pipe to be divided into two streams, which streamssimultaneously pass over the walls of the two halves of the housing headportion to cool them and subsequently join at said outlet opening in thetransverse partition, the coolant flow passing into the housing tailportion through this opening.
 2. A tuyere as claimed in claim 1, inwhich the cross-sectional area of said housing head portion is smallerat the coolant outlet opening provided in said transverse partition thanat the coolant inlet opening provided in same.